During Red December, it is crucial to reinforce the importance of talking about Feline AIDS, also known as FIV - Feline Immunodeficiency Virus .
This is a viral disease that compromises the immune system of cats, making them more vulnerable to infections, chronic inflammation, and secondary diseases throughout their lives . However, although there is no cure, FIV can be prevented and, when diagnosed early, well managed.
In my clinical practice, I realize that many cases could be avoided with accurate information and simple management measures, since FIV prevention is directly linked to behavior, environment, and responsible care.
To help with this prevention, I share below 10 key points to reduce the risks of FIV transmission and promote a better quality of life for felines.
Follow along and share with friends and family.
Understanding what IVF is and how it is transmitted .
FIV is primarily transmitted through deep bites, usually during fights between cats. Contrary to popular belief, it is not transmitted through social interaction, nor by sharing food bowls, water bowls, or litter boxes. Understanding this prevents fear, abandonment, and improper handling.
Keep the cat indoors or in an area with adequate screening.
Cats with access to the outdoors are much more exposed to fights, territorial disputes, and contact with infected animals. Keeping cats indoors or in screened-in areas is one of the most effective preventative measures, in addition to protecting them from being run over, poisoning, and other diseases.
Reduce situations that encourage fights between cats.
Territorial conflicts significantly increase the risk of FIV transmission , therefore, proper management , which includes environmental enrichment, adequate provision of resources such as litter boxes, food and water bowls , as well as respect for each cat's individual space, is of utmost importance .
Neutering as a health and prevention strategy
Neutering reduces behaviors such as running away, territorial marking, and aggression, especially in males. With fewer disputes and fights, the risk of bites and, consequently, the transmission of FIV decreases considerably.
Test before adopting or introducing new cats.
I always advise that newly adopted cats, or any cats for that matter, be tested for FIV and FeLV before being introduced to the environment. This allows for informed decisions and proper management, protecting both the new animal and the cats already living in the house.
Maintain regular veterinary check-ups.
Regular checkups allow for the assessment of the cat's overall health, preventing and identifying any changes early. Early diagnosis of FIV enables more effective management and improves the long-term prognosis .
Strengthen your immune system daily.
A quality diet, supplementation, rigorous parasite control, proper vaccination, and supplementation when indicated are fundamental to maintaining a balanced immune system and reducing the impact of opportunistic infections.
To guarantee hygiene and sanitary control of the environment.
Clean environments, sanitized litter boxes, and well-maintained utensils reduce the daily load of microorganisms, which is especially important for cats with more sensitive immune systems.
Combating myths and prejudices about IVF.
FIV-positive cats can live many years with a good quality of life when well cared for. Accurate information prevents unnecessary isolation and abandonment, and promotes more humane and responsible management.
To promote and spread awareness of Red December.
Red December is an invitation to reflect on prevention, early diagnosis, and ongoing care. Talking about FIV is a way to protect not only cats, but also to strengthen the relationship between owners and their animals, based on responsibility and information.
Pauline Machado is a journalist and veterinarian . She holds a postgraduate degree in canine and feline clinical medicine and is pursuing a master's degree in Veterinary Sciences at the Federal University of Paraná, as well as a postgraduate degree in Veterinary Dentistry.
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